Parental and individual experience with predation risk interact in shaping phenotypes in a sex-specific manner

Evolutionary history, parental experience and individual provide distinct avenues by which the environment alters phenotypes, yet mechanisms mediating phenotypic variation on these timescales may interact. Here we examine how juvenile jointly modify offspring phenotypes in Trinidadian guppy, Poecilia reticulata. Parents were reared laboratory either with or without predator cues, split cues. We found that effects led to smaller body size, an increase whole-body cortisol increases activity antipredator behaviour open field model assays. For most traits, both predators produced similar outcomes. some male female differed consequences of exposure Together, our results suggest influence males females differently, last into adulthood highlight complex interactions between intergenerational developmental plasticity.